Scrambling for Cuan? Social Conflict in the Development of Batu Dinding Waterfall Ecotourism
Abstract
This paper describes the dynamics of conflict that occurred in the Batu Dinding rural tourism development between the local community and Tanjung Belit Village. The conflict occurred since 2015, and it’s was declared over in 2021. Therefore, what were the dynamics of the conflict during those six years? This research uses a qualitative-descriptive method with data collection through fieldwork. The data collection techniques used were a combination of limited participant observation techniques, informal and semi-structured interviews, and document studies. The results show that the conflict over the management of the Batu Dinding Waterfall tourism area in Tanjung Belit Village originated from agrarian conflicts related to land reoccupation. The motive is motivated by the development of tourism that has economic value and wants to monopolize it to get economic benefits (cuan). So the horizontal conflict between the Domo tribe and Tanjung Belit Village with the Tanjung tribe was resolved through legal channels and the police and the actors who committed acts of violence should also be imprisoned. In the end, the conflict was resolved through inter-tribal deliberation and the land was retained by Tanjung Belit Village.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adger, W. N., Benjaminsen, T. A., Brown, K., & Svarstad, H. (2001). Advancing a Political Ecology of Global Environmental Discourses. Development and Change, 32(4), 681–715. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-7660.00222
Afrizal. (2014). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif (Sebuah Upaya Mendukung Penelitian Kualitatif Dalam Berbagai Disiplin Ilmu). PT. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Alcorn, J. (2010). Indigenous People and Conservation. MacArthur Foundation Conservation White Paper Series.
Arbeláez Ruiz, D. C. (2023). Indigenous Responses to Mining in Post-Conflict Colombia: Violence, Repression and Peaceful Resistance (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003226895
Ayuningtyas, D., Irma, & Dharmawan, A., Hadi. (2015). Dampak Ekowisata Terhadap Kondisi Sosioekonomi Dan Sosio-Ekologi Masyarakat Di Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak. Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.22500/sodality.v5i3.9691
Booth, A. (2023). The Colonial Period: Population and Output Growth in Agricultural and Non-agricultural Sectors. In Living Standards in Southeast Asia Changes over the Long Twentieth Century, 1900-2015 (pp. 41–68). Amsterdam University Press.
Bryant, R. L. (2001). Explaining State-Environmental NGO Relations in the Philippines and Indonesia. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 22(1), 15–37. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9493.00091
Bryant, R. L. (2002). Non-Governmental Organizations and Governmentality: “Consuming” Biodiversity and Indigenous People in the Philippines. Political Studies, 50(2), 268–292. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9248.00370
Bryant, R. L., & Bailey, S. (1987). Third World Political Ecology. Routledge.
Cliffe, L., & Luckman, R. (2000). What Happens to the State in Conflict?: Political Analysis as a Tool for Planning Humanitarian Assistance. Disasters, 24(4), 291–313.
Creswell, W. J. (2015). Penelitian Kualitatif dan Desain Riset Memilih diantara Lima Pendekatan. Pustaka Pelajar.
De Dreu, C. K. W. (2010). Social Conflict: The Emergence and Consequences of Struggle and Negotiation. In S. T. Fiske, D. T. Gilbert, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), Handbook of Social Psychology (1st ed.). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470561119.socpsy002027
Deddy, K. (2006). Community Mapping, Tenurial Rights and Conflict Resolution in Kalimantan. In F. M. Cooke (Ed.), State, Communities and Forests In Contemporary Borneo (1st ed.). ANU Press. https://doi.org/10.22459/SCFCB.07.2006.05
Dewi, S. F. (2006). Konflik Dalam Pemerintahan Desa: Penelitian di Desa Padang Sibusuk Kabupaten Sawahlunto Sijunjung Sumatera Barat. DEMOKRASI, V(1), 61–68.
Febriandhika, I., & Kurniawan, T. (2020). Pengembangan Pariwisata Melalui Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dilihat Dari Perspektif Implementasi Kebijakan. Jurnal Pariwisata Pesona, 5(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.26905/jpp.v5i1.2793
Hardianto, N. F. (2018). Sistem Pariwisata Pedesaan dan Pengembangan Desa Wisata. Prosiding Seminar Nasional: Pengembangan Pariwisata Yang Berkelanjutan: Inovasi, Teknologi, Dan Kearifan Loka, 65–75.
Herman, F. (2017). Peran World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF) Dalam Mengembangkan Ekowisata di Suaka Margasatwa Bukit Rimbang Bukit Baling Tahun 2012-2015. JOM FISIP, 4(1), 1–10.
Hidayat, A. (2020). Implikasi Yuridis Terhadap Peralihan Urusan Kehutanan Dari Kabupaten Ke Propinsi Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pemerintahan Daerah. JIHAD : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Administrasi, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.58258/jihad.v2i1.1109
Hijriati, E., & Mardiana, R. (2014). Pengaruh Ekowisata Berbasis Masyarakat Terhadap Perubahan Kondisi Ekologi, Sosial Dan Ekonomi Di Kampung Batusuhunan, Sukabumi. Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan, 2(3), 146–159. https://doi.org/10.22500/sodality.v2i3.9422
Institute for Policy Analysis of Conflict. (2014). Indigenous Rights Vs Agrarian Reform In Indonesia: A Case Study From Jambi. In Indigenous Rights Vs Agrarian Reform In Indonesia: A Case Study From Jambi (pp. 1–29). Institute for Policy Analysis of Conflict. http://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep07791.1
Jaya, D. J., Hidayah, R., Akmal, D. U., & Yonathan, A. (2021). Categorization Of Solutions For Indigenous People In Customary Land-Use Conflicts In Indonesia. 07(01).
Jordan, C. F. (1995). Conservation. John Wiley & Son.
Karl, J. P. (1957). The Agrarian Conflict in East Sumatra. Pacific Affairs, 30(2), 151–159. https://doi.org/10.2307/2752686
Kinseng, Rilus. A. (2021). Socio-cultural Change and Conflict in the Coastal and Small Island Community in Indonesia. Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan, 9(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.22500/9202134928
Kunu, A. B. D. (2010). Kedudukan Hak Ulayat Masyarakat Dalam Hukum Tanah Nasional. INSPIRASI, X, 39–52.
Kurniati, N., Lubis, D. P., & Kinseng, R. A. (2021). Manajemen Konflik dalam Pengembangan Wisata Desa Cibitung Wetan, Kecamatan Pamijahan, Kabupaten Bogor. Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan, 9(3), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.22500/9202136924
Kyrou, C. N., & Rubinstein, R. A. (2008). Cultural Anthropology Studies of Conflict. In Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace, & Conflict (pp. 515–521). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012373985-8.00045-3
Larson, A. M., Monterroso, I., & Vigil, N. H. (2019). Conflict in collective forest tenure: Lessons for Peru from a comparative study. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR). https://doi.org/10.17528/cifor/007148
Lestariono, W., & Sentosa, A. (2022). Konflik dan Perubahan Sosial. Wacana : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Interdisiplin, 09(02), 465–477.
Li, T. M. (2018). Evidence-based options for advancing social equity in Indonesian palm oil: Implications for research, policy and advocacy. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR). https://doi.org/10.17528/cifor/006842
Lucas, A., & Warren, C. (2003). The State, the People, and Their Mediators: The Struggle over Agrarian Law Reform in Post-New Order Indonesia. Indonesia, 76, 87–126. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3351350
Maikarnila. (2019). Dampak Sosial Dan Budaya Dari Konflik Tentang Larangan Peredaran Minuman Keras Di Desa Long Bawan Kecamatan Krayan Kabupaten Nunukan. eJournal Sosiatri-Sosiologi, 7(1), 33–34.
Marta, A. D., Suwaryo, U., Sulaeman, A., & Agustino, L. (2019). Dilemma of customary land policy in Indonesia. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan Dan Politik, 32(2), 134. https://doi.org/10.20473/mkp.V32I22019.134-143
Mutolib, A., Yonariza, M., & Ismono, H. (2017). Forest Ownership Conflict Between A Local Community And The State: A Case Study In Dharmasraya, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 29(2), 163–171. http://www.jstor.org/stable/44160933
Novianti, K. (2013). Peran NGOs (Non-Govermental Oganizations) Lingkungan dalam Mitigasi Banjir di Praha, Republik Ceko. Jurnal Kajian Wilayah, 4(2), 165–184.
Peters, P. E. (2013). Conflicts Over Land And Threats To Customary Tenure In Africa. African Affairs, 112(449), 543–562. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43817368
Pokja Kebijakan Konservasi. (2008). KONSERVASI INDONESIA, Sebuah Potret Pengelolaan & Kebijakan. Pokja Kebijakan Konservasi.
Pruitt, D. G. (2007). Social Conflict: Some Basic Principles. Journal Of Dispute Resolution, 1(8),1-6.
Rahayu, S., & Saragih, M. G. (2022). Pengembangan Pariwisata Berkelanjutan. CV Tungga Esti.
Rigon, A. (2016). Collective or individual titles? Conflict over tenure regularisation in a Kenyan informal settlement. Urban Studies, 53(13), 2758–2778. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26151241
Riska, J. (2017). Analisis Hukum Terhadap Faktor Penyebab Sangketa Tanah Ulayat Antara Suku Melayu Dengan Masyarakat Desa Tanjung Belit di Kecamatan Kampar Kiri Hulu Kabupaten Kampar [Skripsi]. Universitas Islam Riau.
Samsudin, Y. B., & Pirard, R. (2014). Conflict mediation in industrial tree plantations in Indonesia: Status and prospects. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR). https://doi.org/10.17528/cifor/005443
Saputra, D. (2021). Pengaruh Kawasan Pengembangan Ekowisata Bukit Rimbang Baling Terhadap Ekonomi Masyarakat Di Desa Tanjung Belit Kecamatan Kampar Kiri Kabupaten Kampar. JuPerSaTek: Jurnal Perencanaan, Sains, Teknologi, Dan Komputer, 4(1), 658–668.
Sudiyono. (2015). The History And Dynamic Of Customary Land Tenure In The Village Of Probur Utara Habollat, Alor District. Jurnal Masyarakat & Budaya, 17(2), 185–206. https://doi.org/10.14203/jmb.v17i2.284
Suharto, M. P., & Basar, G. K. (2019). Konflik Agraria Dalam Pengelolaan Tanah Perkebunan Pada Pt Hevea Indonesia (Pt Hevindo) Dengan Masyarakat Kecamatan Nanggung Kabupaten Bogor. Jurnal Kolaborasi Resolusi Konflik, 1(1), 55. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkrk.v1i1.20893
Suparman, S., Muzakir, M., & Fattah. (2023). Ekonomi Pariwisata. Publica Indonesia Utama.
Susilowati. (2015). Konflik Tenurial Dan Sengketa Tanah Kawasan Hutan Yang Dikelola Oleh Perum Perhutani. Jurnal Repertorium, 3, 143–151.
Syafiq, A. K., Azima, A. M., Awang, Abd. H., Sarmila, M. S., & Mat Jali, M. F. (2015). Customary Land Ownership Rights Need: Land Change Model Application. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(4), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n4s3p94
Wardani, W. I. (2023). What is the Form of Protecting Customary Land in Indonesia? A Study of the History and Construction of Settings. Jurnal Ilmiah Dunia Hukum, 7(2), 135–153. http://dx.doi.org/10.35973/jidh.v7i2.3739
Wehrmann, B. (2008). Land Conflicts; A practical guide to dealing with land disputes. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH.
Wiitmer, H., & Birner, R. (2005). Between Conservationism , Eco-populism and Developmentalism: Discourses in Biodiversity Policy in Thailand and Indonesia.
Yang, J. (2012). Functions of social conflict in tourism: Tourism’s impacts on the Kanas Tuva and Kazakh Settlements, Xinjiang, China: Supervisors: Professor Chris Ryan Institution awarding the Ph. D. Degree: University of Waikato, New Zealand th Date of defence: 8 March 2012. European Journal of Tourism Research, 5(2), 196–201. https://doi.org/10.54055/ejtr.v5i2.112
Yang, J., Ryan, C., & Zhang, L. (2013). Social conflict in communities impacted by tourism. Tourism Management, 35, 82–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.06.002
Yang, J., Zhang, L., & Ryan, C. (Eds.). (2016). Social Conflict and Tourism Development. In Tourism Social Science Series (Vol. 23, pp. 13–28). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1571-504320150000023001
Zen, A. R., Sadjati, E., & Ikhwan, M. (2017). Pemetaan Potensi Ekowisata Di Desa Tanjung Belit dan Desa Lubuk Bingau Kecamatan Kampar Kiri Hulu Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau. Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Economics (IJAE), 8(2), 255–270.
Zen, A. R., Sadjati, E., & Ikhwan, M. (2018). Pemetaan Potensi Ekowisata Di Desa Tanjung Belit dan Desa Lubuk Bingau Kecamatan Kampar Kiri Hulu Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau. Wahana Forestra: Jurnal Kehutanan, 13(1), 77–89.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36256/ijtl.v5i1.405
Refbacks
Copyright (c) 2024 Indonesian Journal of Tourism and Leisure
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Indonesian Journal of Tourism and Leisure Indexed and Archieved By:
Indonesian Journal of Tourism and Leisure is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.